A hysterectomy is the second most common surgery in women in the Untied States, according the Mayo Clinic,. A hysterectomy is an operation to remove the uterus. There are a variety of reasons to have a hysterectomy, ranging from cancer to endometriosis, chronic pain or excessive bleeding.

A routine Pap smear may reveal abnormal cells, usually caused by HPV, on a woman’s cervix. This condition, called cervical dysplasia, may lead to cancer. A loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) removes abnormal cells from the cervix.

Women of all ages have historically used emmenogogues--herbs that stimulate menstrual flow--to regulate the menstrual cycle. Herbal emmenogogues can act as emergency contraceptives or as treatments for oligomenorrhea (light, infrequent menstruation).

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is marked by the formation of large, fluid-filled sacs (cysts) on the ovaries. This condition can also lead to infertility, obesity and abnormal hair growth (hirsuitism). Medications including Yasmin can be used to treat the symptoms and complications of this disorder.

Inflammation of the appendix, known as appendicitis, occurs when the appendix -- a long, thin, mobile tubular structure attached to the first part of the large intestine -- becomes blocked by debris. Appendicitis is the most common abdominal condition requiring emergency surgery.

While it would be a convenient excuse, housework generally is safe for pregnancy. Since the actions could be considered low-impact exercise, sweeping and mopping actually could be a beneficial way to stay active while pregnant.

Endometriosis is a medical condition in which the tissue that normally lines the inside of woman's uterus abnormally grows outside of this reproductive organ. Certain women with this condition can develop endometriosis cysts within the ovaries, which are referred to as endometriomas.

Uterine fibroid tumors affect as many as 80 percent of women during their lifetime, reports the Cleveland Clinic. Scientists do not know what causes fibroids to develop or which factors contribute to a woman’s risk for them.

Menopause is a natural, hormone-related condition that marks the end of a woman’s childbearing years. Changes associated with this condition can lead to weight gain and make it noticeably more difficult for you to drop unwanted pounds.

Fibroid tumors are benign, or noncancerous, tumors that manifest in a women's uterus. The National Center for Biotechnology Information states that about 20 percent of women will develop uterine fibroids between the time they begin menstruation and the time they experience menopause.

Ovarian cancer causes more deaths than any other gynecological cancer, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC. There is no reliable screening test for the disease, and the symptoms are easy to mistake for those of less serious diseases.

Sacs of fluid that grow in or on the ovaries are referred to as ovarian cysts. These cysts are usually benign and many cause no symptoms. However, large cysts or cysts that are bleeding into surrounding structures may cause symptoms that affect the reproductive system, urinary tract and digestive system.